I found out, that the "Private Key Password" is THE Password for the OpenVPN User - so simply the same, nothing else - so this question is answered. :!:
... but after a
sudo service openvpn restart
the message
Broadcast message from root@raspberrypi (Fri 2018-11-09 19:47:11 CET):
Password entry required for 'Enter Private Key Password:' (PID 1632).
Please enter password with the systemd-tty-ask-password-agent tool!
is always coming up again (similarily if raspi is rebooted - authentication needs to be done manually) - learned that the
auth-user-pass /etc/openvpn/auth.txt
is no more working 🙁 in the actual
raspian stretch lite
Linux raspberrypi 4.14.71+ #1145 Fri Sep 21 15:06:38 BST 2018 armv6l
so I removed "auth-user-pass" again from /etc/openvpn/client.conf.
... finally: how can the authentication can be automated? :?: